Norway

Norway（挪威）

Norway hongti kitakit (Norway a sowal: Kongeriket Norge), kalosasowalen no Norway (Norway a sowal: Norge), itiniay i sakaetip no Scandinavia malitosaay a kanatal, kawali makakafit to Sweden, kaetip o Tasiyang a riyar. O lilis no riyar masakolitalitaway, masangoso’ay a nengnengen ko Norway. Oroma sato, o Norway masasikafit to Finland ato Russia. No Norway a sera halo ki’etecay a palapalaan ato Jan Mayen pala, roma saki katimolay ’apocok a Queen maud pala ato Peter saka 1 pala o citodongay to sakowang. Tata’akay maci ko Oslo. I 2009 miheca tangasa 2011 miheca, 2013 miheca tangasa 2018 miheca o sakacecay i hekal tamdaw a comahaday, o Norway o cemahaday to a kitakit, ira ko takaraway a sa’osi no kapolongan ka rihaday no polong a tamdaw.

Likisi (歷史)

I saka 9 sici mapatireng ko kapolongan hongti kitakit ko Norway. I 13 sici kacowatan itiya. Sasifo’an no 14 sici misitapang maserer.

I 1397 miheca tangasa 1524 miheca, malekatep to Denmark, Sweden to Karma katatekoan.

I 1524 miheca mapeleng kina Karma katatekoan, o Denmark, Norway mapapolong patireng to hongti kitakit, o Denmark ko mikowanay.

I 1913 miheca o hongti no Sweden ci Karl 14．John micalap to Denmark, Norway mapapolong hongti kitakit, o Denmark mapidah no Sweden. I 1814 miheca, midotoc to Kiel tatonekan, paliyasen no Denmark ko Norway i Sweden, sapifalic to West Pomerania, Sweden, Norway mapapolong hongti kitakit, o Sweden ko mikowanay. O Sweden, Norway mapapolong hongti kitakit i 1905 miheca mapeleng a malicinowas.

I 1905 miheca misiiked mala hongtian kitakit, itiya misingkiw to Denmark a kapah malo hongti no kitakit, o Haakon saka 7.

Saka 1 kalaloodan no hekal o paitenokay ko katomireng. Saka 2 kalaloodan macalap no Nazi no Germany a wieser pinanaman, o Germany patireng i Norway to Norway congto nikowanan, ci Quisling ko congto. Ci Haakon hongti ato sifo ningra milafel tayra i Inkiris, Germany a tamdaw misafaloco’ i Norway patireng to kofa pakayni i nanom misanga’ to yin-c-tan, nika matekop no lekatepan no sofitay. Sofitay no Germany mi’emet to polong kitakit no Norway tangasa 1945 miheca 8 romi’ad pisawadan mapidah no Germany, itiraay i Norway a sofitay malasawaday to. Paherek ko kalalood o pakalowiday a kitakit. I 1949 miheca mikapot to ka’amisay Tasiyang koyak sakapot.

I 1945 miheca, o Norway finawlan kari’angan ko nao mikihatiyaay to Germany a fafahiyan no Norway ato wawa nangra, itini i lalan a mipanengneng, mipalifades, tatiihay to no tamdawan, lokesan o “saka tosa a Nazi” ahan. I 1957 miheca mapatay ci haakon saka 7 hongti, o wawa ko midotocay, pangangan han ci Olaf saka 5. 1959 miheca mikihatiya to Europe paifaloco'ay kali'aca a nipatatekoan.

I 1972 miheca ato 1994 miheca kina 2 mitopa to sapicomodaw to Europe lekatep, nika caay ka haien, nanoya miliyangay mikapot to Europe lekatep ikaka to micokeray mikapot to Europe lekatep. Nikawrira o Norway o nano sakapot no Schengen koyak.

I 2011 miheca 7 folad 22 romi’ad, cidemak to cimapelingay ato kasasikowang a demak, itini kitakit nai saka 2 kalaloodan sa’ayaway a demak, o sapakinaliay katalawan kalalood, cimapatayay to 77 tamdaw itiya.

Sici (政治)

Norway i 19 sici nao kakomodan mafalic pala o hontian rikec a hongti kitakit, aniniay a hongti ci Harald saka 5 i 1991 miheca 1 folad 17 romi’ad mapatireng.

I 1898 miheca milaheci to fainayan a pisingkiwan salongoc, tangasa 1913 miheca milaheci to polongan no finawlan a pisingkiw a salongoc, halo fafahiyan ira ko pisingkiw a salongoc. O Norway malo sa’ayaway no hekal midemakay to kapolongan singkiw salongoc a kitakit.

Kalomaocan midemakay to cecayay ko kalomaocan faco (o sowal Stortinget, tata’angay kalomaocan), imatinib ira ko 169 ko lomaocay, lomaocay nai 19 a sa’etal a patodong to taypiaw a nisingkiwan.

O citodongay to sakadademak o sakakaay citodongay kakeridan no Norway.

Polong no kitakit a sician kasarekad ira ko 20, o Norway kong-tang sarekad ko satata’akay a sarekad kalomaocan no kitakit, ikoray no saka 2 kalalood a citodongay mikowan.

I 2009 miheca a singkiw, o kong-tang i 169 ko lomaocay maala ko 64 lomaocay, o kong-tang ato pasakawiliay a syakay coi-tang, pakasasifo’ay tang midotoc malakapot to masakawiliay sakapot mikowan a sifo. O sakakaay citodongay kakeridan o no kong-tang ci Jens Stoltenberg citodongay.

I 2013 miheca, pasikawananay a lekatep pakaala to pikowan, o Masimeday-tang ato Tala’ayaway-tang malekapot to pasikawananay a mapapolongay sifo, malanicokeran paso’elinan no Pakoniraay-tang ato Kristokiw nikapolongan-tang a lalowadan.

I 2017 miheca a singkiw, pasikawananay a lekatep pado’edo haca citodong, o sakakaay citodongay kakeridan nao pakoniraay-tang ci Ina Sorlbeck ko citodongay.

Palapalaan (地理)

O dadahal ira ko 385,054 pinfang kongli (halo ki’etecay a palapalaan ato Jan Mayen pala a sera). itiraay i kaetip a ka’amisay Europe a Scandinavia, kawali i o Sweden, kawali ka’amis o Finland ato Russia masasi a makakafit, katimol o Denmark masasi’ayaw to riyar, kaetip o Norway a riyar. O lilis no riyar masakolitalitaway, kakaya’ 2.1 ’ofad kongli (halo kasangoso’), adihay ko parapatan a fangcalay minato. O Scandinavian a lotolotokan mifatel i polong nokitakit, takaraway dafdaf, lotok a sera, so^eda a sa’owac macalap ko 2/3. Katimol o mimingay taporo, fanaw, kakahaday henohenotan.

Kasasiromaroma no romi’ad (氣候)

Katimol mililisay to riyar a sa’etal o fala’efaay no riyaran a romi’ad, lilisan no riyar sa’etal mahawikid no nai Tasiyang fala’efaay a fali, makinga’ay i malecaday ko konis i hekal ko fala’efa, kasi’enawan caay ka ciso^eda ko riyar. No mihecaan kacinanom nai lotok salongan 2000-4000mm, laloma’ay no hetal 500-1000mm, maedeng ko nanom no ’alo, makikaka to no Europe ko kanaira no nanom. Katimoll a sa’hetal caay ka kala’orad, o nano fala’efaay to no hetal a romi’ad. Ka’amis a konis 66˚ tangasa 70˚ saheto nano ’apocokay a romi’ad, saka’amisay no ka’amis konis 70˚ ato takaraway a sa’etal o cidamayay a romi’ad.

O kasasiiked a sakowan (行政區劃)

Polong no kitakit malisil ko 11 a sa’etal (fylke), sa’eno ira ko 356 kasaniyaro’ (kommune). Ki’etecay palapalaan caay ko patirengan a sera. Norway 11 ko sa’etal (fylke): [15]

Cicu no kitakit	Fangko	Tadangangan no Norway	kadademakan
	3	Oslo	Oslo
	11	Rogaland	Stavanger
	15	Møre og Romsdal	Molde
	18	Nordland	Pod
	30	Viken	Oslo, Drammen, Sarpsborg
	34	Innlandet	Hamar, Tetra Hamma
	38	Vestfold og Telemark	Shinn, Tonsberg
	42	Agder	Kristiansand, Arendall
	46	Vestland	Bergen, Lyconger
	50	Trøndelag	Steincher
	54	Troms og Finnmark	Tromso, Vadso

Tadamaanay a niyaro’ (重要城鎮)

Bondhus fanaw

Oslo karayan calay

Norway midotoc to sakililis no riyaran a misafacoan a sapirapot a tamina.

Nordland cascas

Oslo

Bergen

Trondheim

Stavanger

Kristiansand

Fredrikstad

Tromso

Sandnes

Kicay (經濟)

Norway kicay a icifa o pakoniraay ato no sifo a pi’emetan ko kalaheci no tinako, midotoc to kasakitakit a nisa’osian to laloma’an no kitakit polong no kinaira o saka 2 ano eca saka 3 no hekal (aikor no Luxembourg ato Switzerland), makikaka ko tatihiay kitakit a Sweden ato Denmark, anini o sacidafongay polong no cikiw, kicay o samacowatay takaraway a malalenay ko saka’orip a kitakit, sakinaira malalenay. Mi’emet ko sifo to kicay a sofal, tinako simalan a kinaira tayal. O kinaira no parapatan kadofah i Norway, mahapinangay i simal, nanom, pifotingan, kilakilang ato fodawan, o tadamaanay a kicay piti’eran o simal kinaira ato kasakitakit a simal, tinako i 1999 miheca, o simal no Norway ato parapatan a lahod micalap to masadakay 35%, caayay ko misadakay to simal a kitakit ato parapatan a lahod a kasakapot to polong no masadakay 45%, saki GDP a pacakatan mataelif ko 20%[16], nika o Norway o midemakay to niliyawan a kinaira ko sapisadingki[17], roman ai dingkian a tosiya adihay ko pinasanga’, pinasanga’ (halo sakaromakat, pisafodawan, pisanga’an, liomahan kapolongan ko pidemak) padoedo mata’elif ko 50%[18].

Norway kitakit kana 2 mitopa to sapicomodaw to Europe lekatep, nika i kalomaocan caay ka haidaen. Calemcem ko Norway ano micomod ho to Europe lekatep malasakatatiih no kaliomah no kitakit o sanay. Nikawrira, Norway nano taliyok no Europe kalali’acaan, orasaka itini to nian, o Norway kicay ato Europe lekatep o makakedecay.

Talacowa o Norway padoedo 6 miheca (2001－2006) mapatodong no Linhoko o sanga’ayay kamaro’an kitakit, o Norway tamdaw o yaan ko calemcem to ikor no 20 mihecaan, tona simal ato parapatan a lahod o aawa to i, o saka’orip o mamaserer to. Orasaka o Norway patireng to kitakit simal kiking, o no simal a kinaira a payso sapipacefong i roma kitakit. Tangasa i 2007 miheca 11 folad, o kiking no simal no kitakit ira 3800 walwalan Amilika payso.

Talacowa laloma’an polong no cikiw adihay ko kitakit mapatirengay to ko sapidipot to ’iso, nika o Norway, Iceland ato Dipong oya to a manga’ay milepel to ’iso. O Norway pilepel to ’iso itini i 2016 miheca 800 ko ’iso macakat tangasa 2017 mihecaan 999 ko nialaan. Pakayni to nian miliyang ko midipotay sakapot to nia demak[19].

Tamdaw (人口)

I 2009 miheca a tamdaw ira ko 485 ’ofad, o Norway tamdaw ira ko 94%[20], caay ka papina ko yincumin finacadan Sammy tamdaw maro’ itini ka’amis. O tamdaw i tadamaanay maci Oslo a 55 ’ofad.

O payso o Norway krone.(貨幣為挪威克朗)

Fangcal ko pinengneng malalen to kasasiroma no tamdaw, hekalan kicay kasasowalan i 2012 miheca polong no cikiw kasasiroma no tamdaw a ratoh, o saka 3 ko Norway, aikor no Iceland, Finland[21]. Kasakitakit midamaay to mato’asay cefang (Help Age International) i 2013 miheca polong no cikiw no mihecaan a patatiri’ a sa’osi (Global AgeWatch 2013 Index) mato’asay sakalemed, o saka 2 ko Norway[22].

Sowal (語言)

No Norway a sakasasowal o Norway sowal, halo tosaay ko nitilidan: matatodongay a Norway sowal ato fa’elohay Norway sowal. Tosa ko tilidan saheto manga’ayay i no kitakit a sakasasowal, pitilidan atokapolongan a pirarakatan, nika patatapalen, o matatodongay a Norway sowal ko pasowalay a tamdaw, calap no tamdaw to 85-90%. O ka’amisay a Germanic a sowal, o nisowalan milecad to Danish ato Swedish, noka pangiha ato tilid caay kalecad. Oni toloay manga’ay sakasasowal, itini, Swedish ato Norwegian mingangataay, oni tosaay saki Danish matatiwtiway, nika saki ’alomanay a roma kitakit a tamdaw, ano dengan cecay a sowal ato toloay kitakit a tamdaw ko kasasowalan, o maminanam ho.

Caayay ka papina a finacadan Sammy tamdaw ira ko nangra Sammy a sowal, o nano Finno-Ugric sowal a finacadan.

O saka tosa sakasasowal o Inkiris a sowal, o maminanam to roma a sowal, ira ko Spanish, German, French, Italian.

I Norway a pitilidan, o roma kitakit a mafolaway finawlan manga’ay o saka tosa a sowal ko Norwegian, maserer ko kaeca kafilo ko pisiking. Oroma sato, anini palifet ko Norway to mafolaway minanam to Norwegian, nai 2005 miheca 9 folad 1 romi’ad, ’ayaw no tola miheca o polong no mafolaway misingsi to saka halafin a maro’, milaheci to300 tatokian ko pinanam to Norwegian a kiwiko, ano eca caay pakaala to saka halafin to sakamaro’.

Pakayraan (宗教)

Mapa’orip ko pakayraan ko sapakonira i kimpo no Norway, midotoc i 2013 mihecaan a sa’osi, o pakayraan a mitoor o Kristokiw (82%), ira ko 76.1% a tamdaw nano Lutheran, polong no Norway a tamdaw saheto nai kasofoc itini i kiwkay a mapaino’, 15 muhecaan i kiwkay mipaino’ to kato’asan, pipataloma’an i kiwkay midemak[23]. Ira ko 2.4% mitooray to Muslim, ira 2% a tamdaw mitoor to roma pakayraan. I 2016 miheca, mifalic to kimpo ko Norway, mapalasawaday to no kitakit ko kiwkay no Norway.

Kararamod (婚姻)

O mafahatay ko halaka no Norway, caay padeteng to kararamodan, kadadi’ian a laloma’ o micokeran no rikec a mihaydaan, sakisataan, malitosa manga’ay miraoy to padafoh no sifo to saklaloma’an a sadama no rikec.

I 2007 miheca, o citodongay mirikec no Norway mihayda to malecaday ko silet a tamdaw manga’ay midipot to wawa. I 2008 miheca 6 folad 11 romi’ad, kalomaocan no Norway i ’alomanay kasasirekad nicokeran, mihayda to “kitenokay to silet raramod a rikec”, o Norway malasaka 6 i polong no cikiw mihaydaay to malecaday ko silet manga’ay mitoki to kararamod a kitakit, fa’elohay kararamod a rikec i 2009 mihecaan misitapang. fa’elohay kararamod a rikec pahapinang i malecaday ko silet kararamod milecad to sasiromaay silet a marararod ko salongoc, halo i laloma’ no kiwkay misiki, midipot to wawa, halo pipatado no tamdaw a pawawaan.

Mafolaw finawlan (移民)

Sakimafolaway finawlan a halaka, ano ira ho ko midotocay to sarikec ko sasidi’I ato kararamod, manga’ay misingsi to salaloma’an a mafolaw. Nkawrira caay ko niyah a nisofocan mikotoday to no ina a kitakit. Tinako, kasasiroma nosilet a kasasiolah, o fainayan ano o Norway a tamdaw, fafahiya caayay i, caay ko nano kararamodan a kaciwawa caay ka nga’ay citodong to no Norway kitakit kacingangan. Matiya to, i Norway mata’elif ko cecay miheca ko caay ka latihian, ta manga’ay misingsi to kalaliyas.

Nikapolongan (民主)

O Norway i paini no sakikicay tanengan niparatohan i 2021 miheca polong no cikiw o finawlan ko pi’arawan a sa’osi o sa’ayaway, mala o ki’emelay nikapolongan kitakit i hekal. Oni a kitakit saki nikapolongan a nihaydaan o mingodoay to pakoniyahay a finawlan ato sakitamdamdawan syakay a nidemakan ato siiked no mitiya i pikadkad to kacitodong no sifo ko kasarocodan.

Ponka (文化)

O losid no Norway a sasowalen o Bunad, i 5 folad 17 romi’ad ko pi’acangan no kitakit, ’alomanay finawlan no Norway ciriko’ to losid no Bunad a mi’acang. I Norway ira ko pipakafitan to fayfay ato kimpo a romi’adan. Ira ko Tololf Rafto a pihiratengan a kompay. O nano Denmak a Norway mitiliday tamdaw ci Aksel Sandemose pasadak to Jande's law halo i laloma’ay no Norway a Scandinavia sangasaw ko todong a tadamaan.

Kaacangan romi’ad (節假日)

Romi’ad	kaacangan
1/1	Fa’elohay miheca
1/21	Kasofocan ni Ingrid Alexandra fafahiyan romi’ad
2/6	Romi’ad no Sammy finacadan
2/21	Kasofocan ni Hallard saka 5 hongti
3/-4	Piliyawan ni Yis ma’orip nai patay (awaay ko pinang romi’ad, saka 3-4 folad a cecay lihay)
5/1	Kapolongan kaacangan romi’ad (kasakitakit kaacangan no matayalay romi’ad)
5/8	Kasedalan romi’ad (1945 miheca pilyas to picalap no Nazi)
5/17	Kimpo romi’ad (1814 miheca patireng to kimpo)
5/-6	Lima polo’ kaacangan (awaay ko pinang romi’ad, saka 5-6 folad a cecay lihay)
6/7	Kapolongan masasitedal romi’ad (1905 miheca Sweden - Norway kapolongan masasitedal)
7/4	Kasofocan ni Song Ya fafahiyan hongti
7/20	Kasofocan ni Haakon Magnus a fainay no hongti
7/29	Romi’ad ni St. Olaf (1030 miheca kapatayan no tadamaanay hongti no Norway)
8/19	Kasofocan ni Mette Marit
9-	Pisingkiwan no kalomaocan romi’ad (4 miheca kinacecay, i saka 9 folad saka 2 lipay)
12/25	Kristmas kaacangan

Onto (體育)

Wa’ay mali, so’eda mali ato pi’eseran o kaolahan no Norway finawlan onto.

Sofitay (軍事)

O ’icel no sofitay salongan 23,000 tamdaw, halo dademakay matayalay. Midotc to halaka sofitay no Norway, parocek to aikoray hitay a ’icel to 83,000 tamdaw. Tahamatini malasepatay ko sofitay no Norway: hongtian sekalay hitay, hongtian karayan ato misimaway to sera hitay.

O hongti no Norway ko kakeridan no latoloay sofity, nika o kakeridan no citodongay no sofitay ko mitomadaway.

Pinengnengan tilid. (參考文獻)

1.Population. ssb.no. [2016-10-09]. （原始內容存檔於2016-08-06）.

2.Nearly 10 000 Syrian immigrants in Norway. ssb.no. [2016-10-09]. （原始內容存檔於2017-07-20）.

3.Løsere bånd, men fortsatt statskirke （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, ABC Nyheter

4.Staten skal ikke lenger ansette biskoper （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）, NRK

5.Forbund, Human-Etisk. Ingen avskaffelse: / Slik blir den nye statskirkeordningen. fritanke.no. [2016-10-09]. （原始內容存檔於2018-11-20）.

6.I dag avvikles statskirken （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） (State church will be abolished today), Dagbladet, published 14 May 2012, accessed online 24 October 2015.

7.State church in Norway? 網際網路檔案館的存檔，存檔日期2016-03-04., Church of Norway, published, 6 March 2015, accessed 24 October 2015.

8.Arealstatistics for Norway 2020. Kartverket, mapping directory for Norway. 2019-12-20 [2020-03-01]. （原始內容存檔於2019-03-12） （挪威語）. Svalbard and Jan Mayen are included.

9.Population, 2022-01-01. Statistics Norway. 2022-01-01 [2022-02-23]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-06） （英語）.

10.Population, 1 January 2015. Statistics Norway. [2016-01-18]. （原始內容存檔於2016-01-25）.

11.Norway. World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund (IMF). April 2022 [2022-05-15]. （原始內容存檔於2022-05-15） （英語）.

12.Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC). Eurostat Data Explorer. [2015-12-04]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）.

13.Human Development Report 2019 (PDF). UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME. [2019-12-21]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2018-10-24）.

14.Central Intelligence Agency. Area. The World Factbook. [2013-06-20]. （原始內容存檔於2014-01-31）.

15.Frå 1. januar 2020 er det 356 kommunar og 11 fylke i Noreg.. [2020-02-08]. （原始內容存檔於2020-02-05）.

16.存档副本 (PDF). [2012-10-26]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2012-11-14）.

17.https://km.twenergy.org.tw/Data/share?w6K83mbPlsdfdFXuN4SkxA==

18.存档副本. [2021-03-21]. （原始內容存檔於2021-12-12）.

19.黃樂怡. 挪威捕鯨季將至　懷孕母鯨慘遭殃　環團全球聯署抗捕. 01線報. 2017-03-27 [2018-03-22] （中文（香港））.

20.Tony Judt（東尼賈德）. Ill Fares the Land（厄運之地－給崩世代的建言）. 臺灣新北市: 遠足文化事業有限公司. 2014年1月: 88. ISBN 978-986-5727-00-0 （中文）.

21.存档副本 (PDF). [2012-10-27]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2013-09-08）.

22陳爭詒，《銀髮幸福國度 瑞典得冠》，《天下雜誌》536期，2013年11月27日

23.Tony Judt（東尼賈德）. Ill Fares the Land（厄運之地－給崩世代的建言）. 臺灣新北市: 遠足文化事業有限公司. 2014年1月: 64. ISBN 978-986-5727-00-0 （中文）.

Papotalay kalocalay (外部連結)

Norway.no

Norway

Flag of Norway

Location of the  Kingdom of Norway  (green)in Europe  (green & dark grey)

Itini i 62 00 N, 10 00 E, noYoropi ko Norway. Polong no sekalay i 323,802 sq km “saka 68 ko rayray no ngangan. ” “O sekalay no sera i, 304,282 sq km, no nanom a sekalay i, 19,520 sq km ” Polong i 5,550,203 (2024) ko tamdaw.

sera(土地) Masakilac ko sera o malo kakaomahen(農業) a sera 2.70%, Malo no kilakilangan(林業) a sera 27.80%, malo no roma to a sera 69.50%.

siyoto(首都) O [[[Oslo]](奧斯陸) ko Siyoto.

katomirengan no kitakit a romi’ad(國家紀念日) Pihiratengan no kitakit a romi’ad i sakalima 17 a romi’ad.

O Sawara’an no kitakit(國家) anini i ci Harald V(哈拉爾五世), patirengan a romi’ad i 1991 a miheca(年) saka 1 folad(月) saka 17 a romi’ad.

Pi’arawan to lakaw

• CIA
• 外交部
• List of current heads of state and government